{"id":691,"date":"2021-11-28T14:03:13","date_gmt":"2021-11-28T13:03:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/?p=691"},"modified":"2021-11-28T14:03:15","modified_gmt":"2021-11-28T13:03:15","slug":"sindrom-hronicnog-umora-i-stres","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/index.php\/sindrom-hronicnog-umora-i-stres\/","title":{"rendered":"Sindrom hroni\u010dnog umora i stres"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Sindrom hroni\u010dnog umora (SHU) je prvi put formalno definisan 1988. godine od strane ameri\u010dkog Centra za kontrolu i prevenciju bolesti (Reeves et al., 2005).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Za SHU karakteristi\u010dan je ekstreman umor koji traje 6 ili vi\u0161e meseci, nije rezultat trenutnih napora, ne smanjuje se odmaranjem i uzrokuje zna\u010dajnu redukciju dnevnih aktivnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pored zamora karakteristi\u010dno je 8 dodatnih simptoma: slabljenje spsobnosti pam\u0107enja i\/ili koncentracije, osjetljivo grlo, osjetljivi limfni \u010dvorovi, mi\u0161i\u0107na bol, bol u zglobovima bez otoka i crvenila, glavobolje nove vrste, neokrepljuju\u0107i san, zamor poslije aktivnosti, koji traje vi\u0161e od 24 sata (Fukuda 1944; Reeves et al., 2003; Reeves et al., 2005; Wagner et al., 2005).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Da bi bio dijagnostikovan SHU, pacijent mora zadovoljiti dva kriterijuma:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Izra\u017een hroni\u010dni zamor koji traje 6 meseci ili du\u017ee, uz odsustvo drugih medicinskih stanja.<\/li><li>Istovremeno prisustvo 4 ili vi\u0161e simptoma: slabljenje sposobnosti pam\u0107enja i\/ili koncentracije, osetljivo grlo, osjetljivi limfni \u010dvorovi, bol u mi\u0161i\u0107ima, bol u zglobovima bez otoka i crvenila, glavobolje koje do sada nisu uobi\u010dajene kao i neuobi\u010dajenim obrascima ili izra\u017eenosti, neokrepljuju\u0107i san, umor posle aktivnosti, koji traju vi\u0161e od 24 sata.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"822\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/SINDROM-HRONI\u2500\u041cNOG-UMORA-I-STRES_htm_7ab4eeb502fb879c-822x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Sindrom hroni\u010dnog umora, kako se ispoljava\" class=\"wp-image-692\" srcset=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/SINDROM-HRONI\u2500\u041cNOG-UMORA-I-STRES_htm_7ab4eeb502fb879c-822x1024.jpg 822w, https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/SINDROM-HRONI\u2500\u041cNOG-UMORA-I-STRES_htm_7ab4eeb502fb879c-241x300.jpg 241w, https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/SINDROM-HRONI\u2500\u041cNOG-UMORA-I-STRES_htm_7ab4eeb502fb879c-768x956.jpg 768w, https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/SINDROM-HRONI\u2500\u041cNOG-UMORA-I-STRES_htm_7ab4eeb502fb879c-1234x1536.jpg 1234w, https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/SINDROM-HRONI\u2500\u041cNOG-UMORA-I-STRES_htm_7ab4eeb502fb879c-1645x2048.jpg 1645w, https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/SINDROM-HRONI\u2500\u041cNOG-UMORA-I-STRES_htm_7ab4eeb502fb879c.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 822px) 100vw, 822px\" \/><figcaption>Kako se sindrom hroni\u010dnog umora ispoljava.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Stres<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Stres je pre svega reakcija organizma. I to prvo biolo\u0161ka pa zatim psiholo\u0161ka na sve one zahteve koje se pred nama pojavljuju. Fiziolo\u0161ke reakcije koje direktno dovode do nastanka bolesti su: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>iscrpljivanje nervnog sistema (smanjeno izlu\u010divanje neurotransmitera dovodi do sporijih i neadekvatnih reakcija).<\/li><li>iscrpljivanje autonomnog nervnog sistema (naro\u010dito simpatikusa koji uti\u010de na promenu rada unutra\u0161njih organa).<\/li><li>talo\u017eenje holesterola i triglicerida na zidove krvnih sudova \u0161to uti\u010de na pove\u0107ani pritisak i pucanje krvnih sudova).<\/li><li>iscrpljivanje endokrinog sistema (naro\u010dito nadbubre\u017enih i tiroidne \u017elezde).<\/li><li>Fiziolo\u0161ke reakcije u okviru stres procesa mogu se podeliti u dve me\u0111usobno povezane kategorije: neuroendokrine i imunolo\u0161ke.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Opa\u017eanje stresnog doga\u0111aja aktivira hipotalamus koji stimuli\u0161e osloba\u0111anje hormona hipofize. Ovi hormoni aktiviraju lu\u010denje adrenalina i noradrenalina (hormona nadbubre\u017ene \u017elezde) koji stimuli\u0161u aktivnost simpati\u010dkog nervnog sistema. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kada opasnost prestane parasimpati\u010dka aktivacija vra\u0107a telo u stanje homeostaze smanjuju\u0107i krvni pritisak i puls, smanjuju\u0107i broj udisaja i vra\u0107aju\u0107i smanjenu gastrointestinalnu aktivnost na uobi\u010dajeni nivo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"515\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/SINDROM-HRONI\u2500\u041cNOG-UMORA-I-STRES_htm_e9fb8e405da85fbf.png\" alt=\"Uticaj stresa na nase organe\" class=\"wp-image-694\" srcset=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/SINDROM-HRONI\u2500\u041cNOG-UMORA-I-STRES_htm_e9fb8e405da85fbf.png 515w, https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/SINDROM-HRONI\u2500\u041cNOG-UMORA-I-STRES_htm_e9fb8e405da85fbf-258x300.png 258w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 515px) 100vw, 515px\" \/><figcaption>Stres i njegov uticaj na organizam.<br>Sve navedene promene deluju kao Supresor imuniteta.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">SHU ili sindrom hroni\u010dnog umora<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Osobe sa SHU \u010desto funkcioni\u0161u na zna\u010dajno ni\u017eem nivou od onog za koji su bili sposobni pre pojave bolesti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pretpostavlja se da SHU pacijenti imaju disregulaciju HPA ose (hipotalamusno-pituitarno-adrenalne osovine i lu\u010denje kortizola) i izmenjenu imunoregulaciju, \u0161to mo\u017ee biti dodatno ote\u017eano stresom <a href=\"file:\/\/\/run\/user\/1000\/snap.libreoffice\/lu5543j7ruix.tmp\/lu5543j7ruj9.tmp\/SINDROM-HRONI%E2%94%80%D0%9CNOG-UMORA-I-STRES.htm#page6\"><\/a>i mo\u017ee poslu\u017eiti za odr\u017eavanje klastera simptoma SHU-a kao \u0161to su umor, bol u mi\u0161i\u0107ima, osve\u017eavaju\u0107i san i slabost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/SINDROM-HRONI\u2500\u041cNOG-UMORA-I-STRES_htm_89eb9cbac323862b.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-695\" srcset=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/SINDROM-HRONI\u2500\u041cNOG-UMORA-I-STRES_htm_89eb9cbac323862b.jpg 900w, https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/SINDROM-HRONI\u2500\u041cNOG-UMORA-I-STRES_htm_89eb9cbac323862b-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/SINDROM-HRONI\u2500\u041cNOG-UMORA-I-STRES_htm_89eb9cbac323862b-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Psihoterapija ima zna\u010dajnu ulogu psihoedukacije pacijenata kako da se nose sa ovom bole\u0161\u0107u i za razvijanje bihejvioralnih obrazaca i strategija za ubla\u017eavanje simptoma. Preliminarna istra\u017eivanja sugeri\u0161u upotrebu terapije razgovorom u tretmanu SHU s ciljem pomaganja pacijentima da nau\u010de upravljati svojim aktivnostima, stresom i simptomima (Balter &amp; Unger, 1997; Chisholm et al., 2007.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>U organizaciji Udru\u017eenja Obolelih od sindroma hroni\u010dnog umora SKUHS \u0106uprija odr\u017eavaju se nedeljno on line zbog epidemiolo\u0161kih mera terapijske grupe podr\u0161ke. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kognitivne tehnike koje se koriste su sve nau\u010dno evaluirane tehnike koje poma\u017eu pri emocionalnim blokadama koje se ti\u010du SHU, kroz identifikovanje disfunkcionalnih stavova, uverenja i kognitivnih procesa, te razvijanje funkcionalnih stavova, uverenja i normi, kao i efikasnih strategija za kontrolu disfunkcionalnih kognitivnih procesa (ruminiranja i brige) kao i ja\u010danje li\u010dne otpornosti na stres\/upravljanje stresom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery aligncenter columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"579\" src=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/received_224410349777654.jpeg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"697\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/received_224410349777654.jpeg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/?attachment_id=697\" class=\"wp-image-697\" srcset=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/received_224410349777654.jpeg 960w, https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/received_224410349777654-300x181.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/received_224410349777654-768x463.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"907\" height=\"839\" src=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/received_1163839667356906.jpeg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"698\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/received_1163839667356906.jpeg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/?attachment_id=698\" class=\"wp-image-698\" srcset=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/received_1163839667356906.jpeg 907w, https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/received_1163839667356906-300x278.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/received_1163839667356906-768x710.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 907px) 100vw, 907px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"449\" src=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/received_1427560230974697.jpeg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"699\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/received_1427560230974697.jpeg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/?attachment_id=699\" class=\"wp-image-699\" srcset=\"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/received_1427560230974697.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/received_1427560230974697-300x175.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-caption\">Sanja Mihajlovi\u0107,<br>TA psihoterapeut pod supervizijom, sertifikovani EMDR, ACT i CFT terapeut.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sindrom hroni\u010dnog umora (SHU) je prvi put formalno definisan 1988. godine od strane ameri\u010dkog Centra za kontrolu i prevenciju bolesti (Reeves et al., 2005). Za SHU karakteristi\u010dan je ekstreman umor koji traje 6 ili vi\u0161e meseci, nije rezultat trenutnih napora, ne smanjuje se odmaranjem i uzrokuje zna\u010dajnu redukciju dnevnih aktivnosti. Pored zamora karakteristi\u010dno je 8 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":701,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,3,25,2],"tags":[50,52,51],"class_list":["post-691","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-obavestenja-i-dogadjaji","category-predavanja","category-psihoterapija","category-radionice","tag-hronicni-umor","tag-radionice","tag-sindrom-hronicnog-umora"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/691"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=691"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/691\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":706,"href":"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/691\/revisions\/706"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/701"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=691"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=691"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/terapija.in.rs\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=691"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}